Warranty Claims

I've had a number of cats come through the bike shop lately with various warranty claims. Some are legitimate (such as a new KHE tire's blown sidewall), while others are completely rider error. In this post I intend to discuss the purpose, scope, and effects of the warranty process...

A Little History

There was once a day when a manufacturing failure would lead to the rider swear off that particular company for life... or until they came out with some far too cool new part. At the same time, the quality of complementary that made its way into the BMX market was marginal. Tolerances were wide open, if specified at all; and materials were often very poor. What this did was leave an opening in the market for some quality.

Enter the high(er) quality manufacturers. Profile Racing began offering tight tolerance machined hubs; Primo introduced their cold forged Powerbite cranks (cold forging offers greater tolerance control than casting or hot forging along with good grain orientation in the outer limits of the structure). These components earned a reputation for being less likely to bend, break, or snap. But how could companies compete with high end, and high dollar, components?

In the late 1990's Odyssey took a turn from mediocre quality, fair variety components, toward a different business model. The idea was to introduce two concurrent and complimentary ideas to their product line: post weld heat treatment for their forks, and a no-questions-asked warranty.

41 Thermal, as they call their heat treatment regimen is designed not only to reduce the heat affected zone inherent in welded components, but also to make the component bend noticeably before breaking. From this, Odyssey forks developed a reputation for being extremely strong, while staying cost, and weight competitive. Even though there have been quite a number of bent components over the years, the easy, and fairly quick warranty process has reduced the amount of negative feedback on their components.

Today, it is quite common for riders to suggest purchasing Odyssey components because of their amazingly lenient warranty process (Nuno even offered to warranty my cracked Polycarbonate Twisted pedals!) Picking up on this, many other manufacturers have eased and streamlined their warranty systems. They have learned that supporting the rider, even to some immediate detriment, can have long term beneficial effects.

Purpose of the Warranty Process

You can ask around and I am sure you will get various responses to this question. My response is from the perspective of a shop manager, rider, and prospective manufacturer. The warranty process should be designed to induce a positive company image in the mind of the rider. What this means is that a component should not fail without due cause (i.e. riding hard will inevitably damage parts, especially when we get into lighter weight components). If a component fails due to manufacturing errors, it should most definitely be covered under warranty. A common example of this is a crack directly on a weld, which indicates contamination in the melt pool, and subsequent weld.

There is another purpose, as the Odyssey example shows: to increase customer base simply because of the streamlined warranty process. Although I do not list this as a primary reason for purchasing a particular component, it is certainly beneficial to the rider; even more so if they are on a budget.

When a claim goes too far

I had a cat come into the shop with corroded nipples on a machine built (pre-built) wheel. He claimed it was a warranty issue because he had never see that happen before. Perhaps unfortunately for him, I had. The corrosion was due to excessive sweating seeping onto the aluminum nipples. The electrolytes in sweat increase the rate of oxidation (and on some materials nitrogenation) of materials. Often these oxides are much more brittle than their parent materials, leading to sudden failure or cracking. The point is manufacturers have no way of knowing, nor a reasonable way of preventing all of the outlying conditions that may lead to failure.

So the next time a part fails on you, ask yourself a few questions:

* How did the component fail (break? bend? where? how much?)?

* What lead to the failure?

* Could it have been a manufacturing issue?

Of course you could send in the product in any case, but if they deny your claim, don't give them a bad wrap if they conclude that it is not a manufacturing issue. If they do deny and you feel it is unjust, post it up on line with the question of whether it is a manufacturing fault.

Cold Forging at Shimano

Primo Powerbites, and now Hollowbites are advertised as being manufactured using cold forging technology. Effectively, they are smashing a blank piece of metal into the shape they want. Cold forging offers the advantage of precise control over dimensions, no need for heat treating, and aligns the grains along the surface of the part, perpendicular for forging direction. Hot forging, on the other hand, works better at aligning all of the grains of the part (up to a certain thickness, based on material characteristics), but cannot control dimensions as well.

Here is an article on Cozy Beehive about the cold forging at shimano. You'll notice the following graph, which may explain why some of the newer forged sprockets (such as Eastern's Medusa Lite, and Stolen's Mood Ring) are forged from 6061. Kudos to Primo for using a stronger, albeit tougher material to work with:

BMX and Hygiene

Ok, I accept that many, perhaps even most, BMX riders are in their teens. As such, they may just scoff at this post. But there are good reasons why all riders (BMX and otherwise) should care for their hygiene:

• Some people like the sickly-sweet smell of fresh sweat; nobody likes the smell of old, bacterially digested sweat.
• Calloused hands show you work hard, but don't feel so nice against soft skin.
• Fresh smelling pads and riding cloths will keep you excited about going out for a ride.

Hand Care

First things, first, when you're done riding, working on your bike, or otherwise, it is good practice to clean off after. Soaps can leave your skin dryer than they began. Even "moisturizing" soaps don't quite do it for me. I highly recommend Phil Wood Hand Cleaner. It is an oatmeal based hand cleaner that leaves your hands feeling refreshed, clean, and supple.

But Phil's hand cleaner won't be enough to remove the grater that is some riders' callouses. For this, there isn't much better than a pumice stone. Properly shaped, and preferably with one side bonded to tough nylon bristles for cleaning out under your finger nails, these little gems will let you round off and reduce the callouses. To work properly, hop in a hot shower; once your skin has soften, gently round off the callouses. You'll be surprised how much callous skin can be removed.

Foot Care

You can use your new pumice stone to soften the callouses on your heals and toes as well. The nylon bristles work well as a quick exfoliant to remove dead skin cells on top of your skin. And remember to clean and trim those nails too! Removing dead skin cells will give bacteria less to eat, producing less smelly excrement to make your shoes smell.

Clothing

Cotton sucks! Sure it is cheap and readily available, but it absorbs moisture, leaving a dark, humid environment for those little nasties to have a field day. Many synthetics, and animal fibers (such as wool) do a much better job at moving sweat off of your skin and out to be evaporated, and effectively cool you. So should you go out and buy some synthetics to help you keep cooler, and smell less? Sure, if you can find some you would be comfortable wearing at the skate park.

Many bicycle shops will stock a good variety of aesthetic options for jerseys that will keep you cool. Shorts are a different story. I'd look to MTB shorts, as many of them have removable chamois. Fox racing offers a full line of MTB gear that may match your style. Have a look through MTB catalogs on line or in your local bike shop to find something you like.

In some cases, their either isn't a non-cotton choice, or no choice you would be caught at the park wearing. This especially hit me with pads. I have a full set of leg padding, much of which is constructed with cotton or (even worse) polyester. I could toss them in the washing machine, but I worry the stitching will tear and the pads will begin to fail. A solution I heard from a cat while I was in Oslo, is to toss the pads (pants, shoes, etc) in a zip-loc bag, and put it in the freezer over night. The extreme cold temperature will kill many bacteria, leaving your cloths relatively odorless.

Haircare

Wash it. But find some shampoo and conditioner that matches your hair (dry, regular, oily) in the current season. This is also a time to pick a scent for your hair. Trust me, its nice with a little decedent scent.

It can be expensive, but I adore L'occitane.

Bottom Bracket and Crank Standards

Browsing around the Cozy Behive, I found and article on the evolution of bottom brackets and interfaces in road and MTN bikes. Unfortunately, no mention of BMX bottom brackets. Here is the BMX-U page on BB's.

BMX has gone through the same evolution (loose ball, cartridge, press fit); the only difference being that BMX adopted the cupped, press fit US bottom bracket. Since then, we have moved independent, albeit parallel to the development of road/mtn bottom brackets. We have arrived at something very similar to the BB30 standard:

BB30: 42mm ID 68mm width

MID: 41.275mm (1 5/8") ID, 68mm width

Advantages of BB30

BB30 uses a standard metric ID, which makes off-the shelf bearings available for up to a 30mm spindle. Though it should be noted that to fit a fair sized bearing to take the extra side loads our bikes encounter, it may be best to limit spindle size to 25 mm. Even so, 25mm is larger than our existing 22, and 19mm spindles. With this increase comes the prospect of high strength 7068 or 7075 Aluminum.

Using an existing standard accepted by the rest of the cycling industry opens up the BMX market to larger manufacturers, higher technologies, and respectively, BMX companies' customer base. Hopefully, expanding their market will help smaller operations survive. Profile has a similar situation with their 48 spline cranks and dirt jumpers.

Force Vectors in Road Pedals

Here is an interesting article about the work that Metrigear is doing with their pedal mounted Vector power meter. Although this is all focused on strain gages in road cycling, it is not too much of a stretch of the imagination to use strain gages in BMX to quantify the loads we place on our bikes. Someday...